罗马尼亚文化 罗马尼亚文化交流 罗马尼亚文化特点
一、罗马尼亚文化交流
罗马尼亚 海港？
罗马尼亚第一大海港是康斯坦萨港。罗马尼亚是一个位于南欧巴尔干半岛东北部的国家，除东南临黑海，海岸线长240公里外，周边分别与乌克兰、摩尔多瓦、保加利亚、塞尔维亚、匈牙利接壤。国土面积约23.84万平方公里，人口约1952万。临黑海的港口数量主要有7个，其中康斯坦萨港为最大港口。
二、罗马尼亚文化特点
罗马尼亚男人的性格特点？
罗马尼亚男人非常热情交谈时喜欢直接了当。他们在社交场合非常注重公共卫生。但部分私底下有些懒。
罗马尼亚男人友善，为人热情直爽，乐于助人。
罗马尼亚男人传统的大男子主义和东施效颦的享乐主义了。
三、罗马尼亚文化日
世界文化遗产日？
决定从2006年起，每年六月的第二个星期六为我国的“文化遗产日”。
《通知》说，文化遗产包括物质文化遗产和非物质文化遗产。
物质文化遗产是具有历史、艺术和科学价值的文物，包括古遗址、古墓葬、古建筑、石窟寺、石刻、壁画。
近代现代重要史迹及代表性建筑等不可移动文物，历史上各时代的重要实物、艺术品、文献、手稿、图书资料等可移动文物。
以及在建筑式样、分布均匀或与环境景色结合方面具有突出普遍价值的历史文化名城（街区、村镇）。
非物质文化遗产是指各种以非物质形态存在的与群众生活密切相关、世代相承的传统文化表现形式。
包括口头传统、传统表演艺术、民俗活动和礼仪与节庆、有关自然界和宇宙的民间传统知识和实践。
传统手工艺技能等以及与上述传统文化表现形式相关的文化空间。
四、罗马尼亚文化元素
疍家文化元素？
疍家文化中还有一样非常重要的元素，就是蚝壳屋。蚝乃是我们生活中常见的海鲜，不但鲜味十足有营养，而且蚝壳坚硬无比，可代替砖木建房子，坚实牢固，通爽舒气，而且不易被海风侵蚀，是非常适合海边房屋的建筑材料。
而且对于渔民来说生蚝随手可得，因此疍家的房子大多数都是蚝壳屋。
五、罗马尼亚文化遗产
罗马尼亚缩写？
罗马尼亚的缩写是ROU。罗马尼亚的历史悠久，祖先为达契亚人，公元106年，达契亚国被罗马帝国征服后，达契亚人同罗马人共居融合，形成罗马尼亚人。罗马尼亚是欧盟成员国中经济增长率最高的，2019年被世界银行列入高收入经济体行列。近年来罗马尼亚妥善应对国际金融危机和欧债危机的冲击，经济平稳增长，社会政治稳定，人民安居乐业，已成为欧洲重要的新兴市场。
六、罗马尼亚文化风情
韩国的特色文化风情有哪些？
韩国人崇尚儒教，尊重长老，长者进屋时大家都要起立，问他们高寿。
和长者谈话时要摘去墨镜。早晨起床和饭后都要向父母问安；父母外出回来，子女都要迎接。吃饭时应先为老人或长辈盛饭上菜，老人动筷后，其他人才能吃。乘车时，要让位给老年人。 韩国人见面时的传统礼节是鞠躬，晚辈、下级走路时遇到长辈或上级，应鞠躬、问候，站在一旁，计其先行，以示敬意。男人之间见面打招呼互相鞠躬并握手，握手时或用双手，或用左手，并只限于点一次头。鞠躬礼节一般在生意人中不使用。和韩国官员打交道一般可以握手或是轻轻点一下头。女人一般不与人握手。 在社会集体和宴会中，男女分开进行社交活动，甚至在家里或在餐馆里都是如此。 在韩国，如有人邀请你到家吃饭或赴宴，你应带小礼品，最好挑选包装好 食品。席间敬酒时，要用右手拿酒瓶，左手托瓶底，然后鞠躬致祝辞，最后再倒酒，且要一连三杯。敬酒人应把自己的酒杯举得低一些，用自己杯子的杯沿去碰对方的杯身。敬完酒后再鞠个躬才能离开。做客时，主人不会让你参观房子的全貌，不要自己到处逛。你要离去时，主人送你到门口，甚至送到门外，然后说再见。 韩国人用双手接礼物，但不会当着客人的面打开。不宜送外国香烟给韩国友人。酒是送韩国男人最好的礼品，但不能送酒给妇女，除非你说清楚这酒是送给她丈夫的。在赠送韩国人礼品时应注意，韩国男性多喜欢名牌纺织品、领带、打火机、电动剃须刀等。女性喜欢化妆品、提包、手套、围巾类物品和厨房里用的调料。孩子则喜欢食品。如果送钱，应放在信封内。 若有拜访必须预先约定。韩国人很重视交往中的接待，宴请一般在饭店或酒吧举行，夫人很少在场。七、罗马尼亚文化交流 焦作
文化交流的好处？
文化是民族性与世界性的统一；文化多样性是人类社会的基本特征，也是人类文明进步的重要动力，是文化创新的重要基础；尊重文化多样性是发展本民族文化的内在要求，是实现世界文化繁荣的必然要求；中外文化交流有利于推动中华文化走向世界。
1中外文化交流内涵
位于亚洲大陆东部的中国，随着社会经济政治的发展，逐渐由近及远地与别国接触联系，进行文化交流。它包括人员的往来，物产的移植，衣食住行、婚丧嫁娶等风俗习惯的相互影响，思想、宗教、文学、艺术等的传播。交流的途径多种多样，如政府使节、留学学生、宗教、商业与商人、手工工匠等，甚至战争与俘虏，也曾为文化交流提供渠道。
中国与各国之间文化交流的深度广度各有不同，彼此所受对方影响深浅及产生的结果，也因国家与时代而异。但中国与各国之间文化交流是历史的必然，而在与各国交光互影的漫长过程中，总的来看是中外双方相互受益。
2加强中外文化交流的意义
① 有利于促进中华文化走向世界，有利于扩大中华文化在国际上的吸引力和影响力，提高抄我国的文化竞争力，增强我国的综合国力；
② 有利于学习和吸收各民族优秀文化成果，促进本民族文化的发展；
③ 有利于世界各种文化相互借鉴，取长补断，维护袭世界文化的多样性，促进世界文化的繁荣和发展；
④ 有利于增进各国、人民之间的友谊和加强相互了解，发展同世界各国人民的友好合作关系，促进世界和平与发展，建设和谐世界。
八、罗马尼亚文化中心 周娜娜
红蝎子娜娜和周喜刚结局？
于雯娜和周喜刚被杀。俊俊讲述了事情的经过，一天，俊俊看到王秀琴正在哭，觉察到和于雯娜有关，就追问王秀琴原因，王秀琴也只能默认，俊俊一气之下，掐死了于雯娜，不小心误杀了自己的父亲周喜刚，让后慌忙逃跑。
王秀琴是替儿子顶罪的事真相大白，张宏伟还发现俊俊的女朋友小萌好像也在吸毒，张宏伟想顺着小萌的这条线找到毒源，于是小萌得的学校找到了小萌了解情况，小萌承认自己吸毒，也详细讲了经过，原来她到俊俊家认识了于雯娜。
九、罗马尼亚文化禁忌
海外生活，英国有哪些文化禁忌？
1、英国人待人彬彬有礼，讲话十分客气,“谢谢”、“请”字不离口。对英国人讲话也要客气，不论他们是服务员还是司机，都要以礼相待，请他办事时说话要委婉，不要使人感到有命令的口吻，否则，可能会使你遭到冷遇。
2、按英国商务礼俗，随时宜穿三件套式西 ，打传统保守式的领带，但是勿打条纹领带，因为英国人会联想到那是旧"军团"或老学校的制服领带。
3、英国人的时间观念很强，拜会或洽谈生意，访前必须预先约会，准时很重要，最好提前几分钟到达为好。
4、由于宗教的原因，英国人非常忌讳"13"这个数字，认为这是个不吉祥的数字。日常生活中尽量避免"13"这个数字，用餐时，不准13人同桌，如果13日又是星期五的话，则认为这是双倍的不吉利。不能手背朝外，用手指表示"二",这种"v”形手势，是蔑视别人的一种敌意做法。
5、西班牙老师说：“西班牙人喜欢张大嘴巴说em……这一行为在英国被视为是不礼貌的。”基本上除了说话和笑的时候，其他时间最好都闭着嘴巴，连咀嚼食物的时候也要闭嘴咀嚼。打喷嚏、打呵欠、咳嗽等行为也要捂住嘴巴，否则即是一种不文雅的行为。
6、排队也是英国最基本的礼节之一。但是与中国不同的是，在商场、超市排队付款的时候，往往不会像中国国内一样，大家彼此距离非常近。
他们的习惯是：排在第二位的人会离正在付款的人非常远，不知道这种习惯的外国人可能会以为没有人在排队。这个习惯的养成大概是为了保护正在付款的顾客的隐私，因为付款时可能会牵扯到账号、密码等个人信息。所以商场的收银台前都会为代付款顾客设置一个专门等候的地方。
7、忌讳询问男性的薪水和妇女的年龄。
8、百合花只用于葬礼，被视为死亡象征。/9、孔雀、猫头鹰和黑猫被视为不详之物。
罗马旅游景点介绍英文作文(罗马旅游景点介绍英文作文初一) 罗文
介绍罗马的英语作文
There’s no escaping it: Rome means history. There are layers of the stuff - Etruscan（伊特鲁里亚的） tombs, Republican meeting rooms, Imperial temples, early Christian churches, medieval bell towers, Renaissance（文艺复兴） palaces and baroque basilicas（长方形基督教堂）. In this city a phenomenal concentration of history, legend and monuments coexists（共存） with an equally phenomenal concentration of people busily going about their everyday life. It’s hard to say what you’ll find most breathtaking（惊人的） about the eternal city - the arrogant opulence of the Vatican（梵蒂冈）or the timelessness（永恒） of the Forum（古罗马广场）.
Rome is halfway down Italy’s western coast, about 20km inland. It’s a vast city, but the historic centre is quite small. Most of the major sights are within a reasonable distance of the central railway station. It is, for instance, possible to walk from the Colosseum（罗马圆形大剧场）, through the Forum, up to Piazza di Spagna（西班牙广场） and across to the Vatican in one day, but you wouldn’t really want to. All the major monuments are west of the train station, but make sure you use a map. While it can be enjoyable to get off the beaten track（平坦的路） in Rome, it can also be very frustrating and time-consuming.
Most of the budget（便宜的） places to stay are clustered around Stazione Termini; this area is rife with pickpockets（扒手） and gangs of thieving children, so beware - do your best to look like you know where you’re going. It is only slightly more expensive and definitely more enjoyable to stay closer to the city centre.
Rome’s mild climate makes it visitable year-round; however, spring and autumn are without doubt the best times to visit, with generally sunny skies and mild temperatures. Unfortunately, these times are also the peak tourist season, when the tour buses pour in（川流不息的涌入） and tourists are herded around like cattle. July and August are unpleasantly hot, and Romans traditionally desert the stiflingly hot city in August, with many businesses closing; try to avoid visiting at this time. From December to February there is briskly cold weather, although it’s rarely grey and gloomy.
Events-wise, Italy’s calendar bursts year-round with cultural events ranging from colourful traditional celebrations with a religious and traditional flavour, through to cultural events. Summer is definitely the best time to visit if you want to catch the best of the festivals; however, the Romaeuropa festival is now a feature of the autumn calendar, the Roma opera season runs from December until June and the classical and contemporary music scene is lively all year round.
帮忙写一篇去罗马旅游的英语口语文章，字数别太短就行了。
It's a fine Sunday morning.My family go to Roman for a travel.There are many people in the street.No matter train station or bus,full of people everywhere.Some are old and some are young.When we get to the Rome.We visit the Roman city.It is so beautiful,ruther like a film named Roman Holiday.much more beautiful,as true colour.There also have some famous interests,like Pantneon and Roman's Historical Interest Places.My father said to me"whenever,don't forget to make yourself rich to everywhere-----brain and money.Haha!"Altogether we are so happy!Although a little tired today.
求一篇介绍罗马的英文作文 在线等!!!
Rome,the capital city of Italy,owning a history of more than 2,500 years.Rome has a population of three million with an area of about 1500 square kilometers.Rome is constructed on seven massifs and it is the city of the biggest area and the most population in Italy,as well as the center of politics,history and culture.At the same time,Rome is the birthplace of world civilization.Rome awfully looks like a giant open-air museum of history,owning the pantheon and so on world famous historical sites.Therefore,travellers will always want to stay here longer,such as the origin of the city's name.
楼主：最后一句总觉得跟上文联系不上呢？是我才疏学浅还是什么呢？
如需修改 请Hi我！！
希望能帮上你！！！
罗马景点的英文介绍
竞技场 (The Colosseum or Coliseum)
The Colosseum or Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium, Italian Anfiteatro Flavio or Colosseo), is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire. It is one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering.
Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started between 70 and 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96).[1] The name "Amphitheatrum Flavium" derives from both Vespasian's and Titus' family name ("Flavius, from the gens Flavia).
Originally capable of seating around 50,000 spectators, the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. It remained in use for nearly 500 years with the last recorded games being held there as late as the 6th century – well after the traditional date of the fall of Rome in 476. As well as the traditional gladiatorial games, many other public spectacles were held there, such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building eventually ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such varied purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry and a Christian shrine.
Although it is now in a ruined condition due to damage caused by earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum has long been seen as an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome. Today it is one of modern Rome's most popular tourist attractions and still has close connections with the Roman Catholic Church, as each Good Friday the Pope leads a torchlit "Way of the Cross" procession to the amphitheatre.
The Colosseum is also depicted on the Italian version of the five euro-cent coin.
The Colosseum's original Latin name was Amphitheatrum Flavium, often anglicized as Flavian Amphitheater. The building was constructed by emperors of the Flavian dynasty, hence its original name.[2] This name is still used frequently in modern English, but it is generally unknown.
The name Colosseum has long been believed to be derived from a colossal statue of Nero nearby.[1] This statue was later remodeled by Nero's successors into the likeness of Helios (Sol) or Apollo, the sun god, by adding the appropriate solar crown. Nero's head was also replaced several times and substituted with the heads of succeeding emperors. Despite its pagan links, the statue remained standing well into the medieval era and was credited with magical powers. It came to be seen as an iconic symbol of the permanence of Rome.
In the 8th century, the Venerable Bede (c. 672–735) wrote a famous epigram celebrating the symbolic significance of the statue: Quandiu stabit coliseus, stabit et Roma; quando cadit coliseus, cadet et Roma; quando cadet Roma, cadet et mundus ("as long as the Colossus stands, so shall Rome; when the Colossus falls, Rome shall fall; when Rome falls, so falls the world").[3] This is often mistranslated to refer to the Colosseum rather than the Colossus (as in, for instance, Byron's poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage). However, at the time that Bede wrote, the masculine noun coliseus was applied to the statue rather than to what was still known as the Flavian amphitheatre.
The Colossus did eventually fall, probably being pulled down to reuse its bronze. By the year 1000 the name "Colosseum" (a neuter noun) had been coined to refer to the amphitheatre. The statue itself was largely forgotten and only its base survives, situated between the Colosseum and the nearby Temple of Venus and Roma.[4]
The name was further corrupted to Coliseum during the Middle Ages. In Italy, the amphitheatre is still known as il Colosseo, and other Romance languages have come to use similar forms such as le Colisée (French), el Coliseo (Spanish) and o Coliseu (Portuguese).
C onstruction of the Colosseum began under the rule of the Emperor Vespasian[1] in around 70–72. The site chosen was a flat area on the floor of a low valley between the Caelian, Esquiline and Palatine Hills, through which a canalised stream ran. By the 2nd century BC the area was densely inhabited. It was devastated by the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64, following which Nero seized much of the area to add to his personal domain. He built the grandiose Domus Aurea on the site, in front of which he created an artificial lake surrounded by pavillions, gardens and porticoes. The existing Aqua Claudia aqueduct was extended to supply water to the area and the gigantic bronze Colossus of Nero was set up nearby at the entrance to the Domus Aurea.[4]
The area was transformed under Vespasian and his successors. Although the Colossus was preserved, much of the Domus Aurea was torn down. The lake was filled in and the land reused as the location for the new Flavian Amphitheatre. Gladiatorial schools and other support buildings were constructed nearby within the former grounds of the Domus Aurea. According to a reconstructed inscription found on the site, "the emperor Vespasian ordered this new amphitheatre to be erected from his general's share of the booty." This is thought to refer to the vast quantity of treasure seized by the Romans following their victory in the Great Jewish Revolt in 70. The Colosseum can be thus interpreted as a great triumphal monument built in the Roman tradition of celebrating great victories.[4] Vespasian's decision to build the Colosseum on the site of Nero's lake can also be seen as a populist gesture of returning to the people an area of the city which Nero had appropriated for his own use. In contrast to many other amphitheatres, which were located on the outskirts of a city, the Colosseum was constructed in the city centre; in effect, placing it both literally and symbolically at the heart of Rome.
The Colosseum had been completed up to the third story by the time of Vespasian's death in 79. The top level was finished and the building inaugurated by his son, Titus, in 80.[1] Dio Cassius recounts that over 9,000 wild animals were killed during the inaugural games of the amphitheatre. The building was remodelled further under Vespasian's younger son, the newly-designated Emperor Domitian, who constructed the hypogeum, a series of underground tunnels used to house animals and slaves. He also added a gallery to the top of the Colosseum to increase its seating capacity.
In 217, the Colosseum was badly damaged by a major fire (caused by lightning, according to Dio Cassius[5]) which destroyed the wooden upper levels of the amphitheatre's interior. It was not fully repaired until about 240 and underwent further repairs in 250 or 252 and again in 320. An inscription records the restoration of various parts of the Colosseum under Theodosius II and Valentinian III (reigned 425–450), possibly to repair damage caused by a major earthquake in 443; more work followed in 484 and 508. The arena continued to be used for contests well into the 6th century, with gladiatorial fights last mentioned around 435. Animal hunts continued until at least 523.[4]
Medieval
Map of medieval Rome depicting the ColosseumThe Colosseum underwent several radical changes of use during the medieval period. By the late 6th century a small church had been built into the structure of the amphitheatre, though this apparently did not confer any particular religious significance on the building as a whole. The arena was converted into a cemetery. The numerous vaulted spaces in the arcades under the seating were converted into housing and workshops, and are recorded as still being rented out as late as the 12th century. Around 1200 the Frangipani family took over the Colosseum and fortified it, apparently using it as a castle.
Severe damage was inflicted on the Colosseum by the great earthquake of 1349, causing the outer south side to collapse. Much of the tumbled stone was reused to build palaces, churches, ho spitals and other buildings elsewhere in Rome. A religious order moved into the northern third of the Colosseum in the mid-14th century and continued to inhabit it until as late as the early 19th century. The interior of the amphitheatre was extensively stripped of stone, which was reused elsewhere, or (in the case of the marble facade) was burned to make quicklime.[4] The bronze clamps which held the stonework together were pried or hacked out of the walls, leaving numerous pockmarks which still scar the building today.
Exterior
The exterior of the Colosseum, showing the partially intact outer wall (left) and the mostly intact inner wall (right)
Original façade of the Colosseum
Entrance LII of the Colosseum, with Roman numerals still visibleUnlike earlier amphitheatres that were built into hillsides, the Colosseum is an entirely free-standing structure. It is elliptical in plan and is 189 metres (615 ft / 640 Roman feet) long, and 156 metres (510 ft / 528 Roman feet) wide, with a base area of 6 acres. The height of the outer wall is 48 metres (157 ft / 165 Roman feet). The perimeter originally measured 545 metres (1,788 ft / 1,835 Roman feet). The central arena is an oval (287 ft) long and (180 ft) wide, surrounded by a wall (15 ft) high, above which rose tiers of seating.
The outer wall is estimated to have required over 100,000 cubic meters (131,000 cu yd) of travertine stone which were set without mortar held together by 300 tons of iron clamps.[4] However, it has suffered extensive damage over the centuries, with large segments having collapsed following earthquakes. The north side of the perimeter wall is still standing; the distinctive triangular brick wedges at each end are modern additions, having been constructed in the early 19th century to shore up the wall. The remainder of the present-day exterior of the Colosseum is in fact the original interior wall.
The surviving part of the outer wall's monumental façade comprises three stories of superimposed arcades surmounted by a podium on which stands a tall attic, both of which are pierced by windows interspersed at regular intervals. The arcades are framed by half-columns of the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders, while the attic is decorated with Corinthian pilasters.[11] Each of the arches in the second- and third-floor arcades framed statues, probably honoring divinities and other figures from Classical mythology.
Two hundred and forty mast corbels were positioned around the top of the attic. They originally supported a retractable awning, known as the velarium, that kept the sun and rain off spectators. This consisted of a canvas-covered, net-like structure made of ropes, with a hole in the center.[1] It covered two-thirds of the arena, and sloped down towards the center to catch the wind and provide a breeze for the audience. Sailors, specially enlisted from the Roman naval headquarters at Misenum and housed in the nearby Castra Misenatium, were used to work the velarium.[12]
The Colosseum's huge crowd capacity made it essential that the venue could be filled or evacuated quickly. Its architects adopted solutions very similar to those used in modern stadiums to deal with the same problem. The amphitheatre was ringed by eighty entrances at ground level, 76 of which were used by ordinary spectators.[1] Each entrance and exit was numbered, as was each staircase. The northern main entrance was reserved for the Roman Emperor and his aides, whilst the other three axial entrances were most likely used by the elite. All four axial entrances were richly decorated with painted stucco reliefs, of which fragments survive. Many of the original outer entrances have disappeared with the collapse of the perimeter wall, but entrances XXIII to LIV still survive.[4]
Spectators were given tickets in the form of numbered pottery shards, which directed them to the appropriate section and row. They accessed their seats via vomitoria (singular vomitorium), passageways that opened into a tier of seats from below or behind. T hese quickly dispersed people into their seats and, upon conclusion of the event or in an emergency evacuation, could permit their exit within only a few minutes. The name vomitoria derived from the Latin word for a rapid discharge, from which English derives the word vomit.
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许愿池(Fontana di Trevi)
The Trevi Fountain (Italian: Fontana di Trevi) is the largest — standing 25.9 meters (85 feet) high and 19.8 meters (65 feet) wide — and most ambitious of the Baroque fountains of Rome. It is located in the rione of Trevi.
The fountain at the juncture of three roads (tre vie) marks the terminal point of the "modern" Acqua Vergine, the revivified Aqua Virgo, one of the ancient aqueducts that supplied water to ancient Rome. In 19 BC, supposedly with the help of a virgin, Roman technicians located a source of pure water some 13 km (8 miles) from the city. (This scene is presented on the present fountain's facade). However, the eventual indirect route of the aqueduct made its length some 22 km (14 miles). This Aqua Virgo led the water into the Baths of Agrippa. It served Rome for more than four hundred years. The "coup de grace" for the urban life of late classical Rome came when the Goth besiegers in 537/38 broke the aqueducts. Medieval Romans were reduced to drawing water from polluted wells and the Tiber River, which was also used as a sewer.
The Roman custom of building a handsome fountain at the endpoint of an aqueduct that brought water to Rome was revived in the fifteenth century, with the Renaissance. In 1453, Pope Nicholas V finished mending the Acqua Vergine aqueduct and built a simple basin, designed by the humanist architect Leon Battista Alberti, to herald the water's arrival.
[edit] The present fountain
[edit] Commission, construction and design
In 1629 Pope Urban VIII, finding the earlier fountain insufficiently dramatic, asked Bernini to sketch possible renovations, but when the Pope died the project was abandoned. Bernini's lasting contribution was to resite the fountain from the other side of the square to face the Quirinal Palace (so the Pope could look down and enjoy it). Though Bernini's project was torn down for Salvi's fountain, there are many Bernini touches in the fountain as it was built. An early, striking and influential model by Pietro da Cortona also exists.
Competitions had become the rage during the Baroque era to design buildings, fountains, and even the Spanish Steps. In 1730 Pope Clement XII organized a contest in which Nicola Salvi initially lost to Alessandro Galilei — but due to the outcry in Rome over the fact that a Florentine won, Salvi was awarded the commission anyway.[1] Work began in 1732, and the fountain was completed in 1762, long after Clement's death, when Pietro Bracci's 'Neptune' was set in the central niche.
Salvi died in 1751, with his work half-finished, but before he went he made sure a stubborn barber's unsightly sign would not spoil the ensemble, hiding it behind a sculpted vase. The Trevi Fountain was finished in 1762 by Giuseppe Pannini, who substituted the present bland allegories for planned sculptures of Agrippa and "Trivia", the Roman virgin.
[edit] Restoration
The fountain was refurbished in 1998; the stonework was scrubbed and the fountain provided with recirculating pumps.
[edit] Iconography
The backdrop for the fountain is the Palazzo Poli, given a new facade with a giant order of Corinthian pilasters that link the two main stories. Taming of the waters is the theme of the gigantic scheme that tumbles forward, mixing water and rockwork, and filling the small square. Tritons guide Neptune's shell chariot, taming seahorses (hippocamps).
In the center is superimposed a robustly modelled triumphal arch. The center niche or exedra framing Neptune has free-standing columns for maximal light-and-shade. In the niches flanking Neptune, Abundance spills water from her urn and Salubrity holds a cup from which a snake drinks. Above, bas reliefs illustrate the Roma n origin of the aqueducts.
The tritons and horses provide symmetrical balance, with the maximum contrast in their mood and poses (by 1730, the rococo is already in full bloom in France and Germany).
[edit] Coin throwing
A traditional legend holds that if visitors throw a coin into the fountain, they are ensured a return to Rome. Among those who are unaware that the "three coins" of Three Coins in the Fountain were thrown by three different individuals, a reported current interpretation is that two coins will ensure a marriage will occur soon, while three coins leads to a divorce. A reported current version of this legend is that it is lucky to throw three coins with one's right hand over one's left shoulder into the Trevi Fountain.
Approximately 3,000 Euros are thrown into the fountain each day and are collected at night. The money has been used to subsidize a supermarket for Rome's needy. However, there are regular attempts to steal coins from the fountain, including some using a magnetized pole.
给朋友推荐外国景点 英语作文 100字
如下：
London is the capital and largest city of Britain.
It is the most populous metropolitan area in Britain and the second most populous in Europe.
它是英国人口最多、欧洲第二人口最多的都市区。
As a major settlement for 2000 years, its history can be traced back to the time when the Romans established it. The Romans called it londinim.
作为两千年来的一个主要定居点，它的历史可以追溯到罗马人建立它的时候，罗马人称之为隆迪尼姆。
The heart of London, the ancient city of London, or the "square mile" Financial District, basically retains the boundaries of the middle ages.
伦敦的核心，伦敦古城，或“平方英里”金融区，基本上保留了中世纪的边界。
At least since the 19th century, the name "London" also refers to the metropolis developed around this core.
至少从19世纪开始，“伦敦”这个名字也指的是围绕这个核心发展起来的大都市。
In modern times, most of the city has formed the London area and the Greater London administrative region, with its own elected mayor and Parliament.
在现代，这座城市的大部分形成了伦敦地区和大伦敦行政区，有自己的当选市长和议会。
英文介绍罗马景点 罗马文化英文介绍 罗文
1. 罗马文化英文介绍
人口密度0.25万人/平方公里。
罗马（英语：Rome；意大利语：Roma），是意大利共和国的首都和最大的城市，也是全国政治、经济、文化和交通中心，已有2500余年历史，是世界著名的历史文化名城，古罗马帝国的发祥地，因建城历史悠久而被称为“永恒之城”。罗马位于意大利半岛中西部，台伯河下游平原地的七座小山丘上，市中心面积有1200多平方公里，人口300万。是意大利占地面积最广、人口最多的城市，也是世界著名的游览地之一。
2. 古罗马文明英文
罗马帝国成立于公元前27年
罗马帝国（Roman empire，元老院与罗马人民，公元前27年-公元1453年）是以地中海为中心，跨越欧、亚、非三大洲的帝国，是古罗马文明的一个阶段。
公元前27年，元老院授予盖乌斯·屋大维“奥古斯都”称号，罗马共和国由此进入帝国时代，图拉真在位时（公元98年-公元117年），罗马帝国达到极盛，控制约500万平方公里的土地，是世界古代史上国土面积最大的君主制国家之一。
国家领袖:元首、皇帝
国土面积:约500万平方公里（AD117）
简称:罗马
人口数量:约6500万（从人口估值4600万至1.2亿间取中间值）
所属洲:欧洲
首都:罗马，君士坦丁堡，米兰，拉文纳等
主要民族:罗马人、希腊人、埃及人、凯尔特人、日耳曼人、斯拉夫人、犹太人
主要城市:迦太基、亚历山大、安条克、以弗所、耶路撒冷
主要宗教:罗马多神教
国庆日:4月21日（建城日）
官方语言:拉丁语→希腊语（AD610后）
货币:奥里斯、第纳尔、塞斯特斯
时区:UTC-1—UTC+3
政治体制:君主制
学科:世界历史
别称:大秦、拂菻、海西国、犁犍
亡国皇帝3:君士坦丁十一世（东）
亡国皇帝2:朱利乌斯·尼波斯（西）
亡国皇帝1:罗慕路斯·奥古斯都（西）
开国皇帝:盖乌斯·屋大维（奥古斯都）
灭亡时间:AD476（西）AD1453（东）
分裂时间:AD395
建立时间:27BC
英文名称:Roman empire
中文名:罗马帝国
3. 罗马的英文介绍加中文翻译
How can a man die better?For the ashs of his fathers.And the temples of his Gods. ——Macaulay，Thomas Babington（麦考莱 的古罗马谣曲集，也称古罗马叙事诗）
究竟什么才是人类最好的死亡方式，莫过于为了信仰的神殿和追寻祖先的足迹 这是遗落战境的一句经典台词
4. 古罗马英语介绍
Rome,the capital city of Italy,owning a history of more than 2,500 years.Rome has a population of three million with an area of about 1500 square kilometers.Rome is constructed on seven massifs and it is the city of the biggest area and the most population in Italy,as well as the center of politics,history and culture.
At the same time,Rome is the birthplace of world civilization.Rome awfully looks like a giant open-air museum of history,owning the pantheon and so on world famous historical sites.Therefore,travellers will always want to stay here longer,such as the origin of the city's name.
5. 罗马英文介绍ppt
1、打开PPT文档后，点击页面左上方的“插入”；
2、在插入菜单栏下的右边，找到“符号”，点击；
3、在弹出的符号设置框里，字体选择“普通文本”，子集选择“数字形式”,就会出现罗马数字，选择你想要的罗马数字，点击，再点击下面的插入；
4、则可成功在PPT里加入了罗马数字，这时设置框里点击右下角的关闭则可。
6. 用英语介绍罗马
意大利罗马的邮编是00185；罗马（英语：Rome；意大利语：Roma），是意大利共和国的首都和最大的城市 也是全国政治、经济、文化和交通中心，已有2500余年历史，是世界著名的历史文化名城，古罗马帝国的发祥地，因建城历史悠久而被昵称为“永恒之城”。公元1-2世纪是罗马历史上鼎盛时期为西方最大帝国，与东方的东汉帝国遥相呼应，并称“西罗马，东洛阳”。城市位于意大利半岛中西部，台伯河下游平原地的七座小山丘上，市中心面积有1200多平方公里。
7. 罗马历史英语
英语属于印欧语系当中的日耳曼语文。西日耳曼语以古英语为代表，包括今日的英语、德语、荷兰语，弗里西亚语)等。英语的历史从历史的观点来看，现代英语是一系列的民族迁徒和民族征服的产物。我们可以说，随着盎格鲁撒克逊人对英国的征服，就诞生了英语。
通常把英语的历史分为三个时期；(1)古英语时期——公元449年至1100年；(2)中古英语时期——公元1100年至1500年；相(3)现代英语时期——公元1500年至当前。
法语为罗曼语系河印欧语族的一支，起源自拉丁文。 罗马人带给高卢的拉丁文和当时罗马大作家所用的文言拉丁文稍有不同。前者是一种相当普遍、有点俚语化的拉丁文，现今只有少许文字记录保留。法语和其它所有罗曼诸语就是从这种军队和贩夫走卒使用之通俗拉丁文起源的。
8. 古罗马文明英文介绍
1、王政时代：罗马建城、地理位置公元前8世纪中叶，古代罗马人在意大利半岛中部拉丁姆平原上的台波河下游河畔建立了罗马城。孕育了古代罗马文明。
2、共和时代：公元前509年，罗马废除了“王政”，改行共和制度，开始了近500年的罗马共和国时期。
从公元前3世纪中叶起，罗马共和国开始向海外扩张。通过布匿战争、马其顿战争和叙利亚战争，罗马人确立了在地中海地区的霸权。
3、帝国时代：共和到帝国公元前30年，继凯撒之后崛起的军事强人屋大维战胜了政敌，结束了罗马数十年的内战，夺取了国家最高权力。公元前27年，他被元老院授予“奥古斯都”称号，罗马历史也就以此为标志进入了帝国时代。
到公元2世纪初，罗马人的统治疆域达到了最大规模：东迄幼发拉底河、西抵不列颠、北达多瑙河、南至北非，形成为一个地跨欧、亚、非三大洲的环地中海大帝国。
9. 英文 罗马
英文缩写：rm
英文全称：rome
中文音译：罗马
1、We're going to Rome later in the year。
我们年内晚些时候要到罗马去。
2、The Christian calendar was originally based on the Julian calendar of the Romans。
公历最初是基于罗马的儒略历的。
3、He won a weekend for two in Rome。
他赢得双人去罗马度周末的奖励。
4、Rome was sacked by the Goths in 410。
罗马在410年遭到哥特人的洗劫。
5、All roads lead to Rome。
条条大路通罗马。
6、They traveled to Rome instead of London。
他们去了罗马，没去伦敦。
7、Sarah and Steve debated between going to Romeor Paris。
Sarah和Steve在讨论该去罗马还是巴黎。
8、After a hard time deciding, Sarah and Steve went with Rome for their honeymoon。
思考了好久，Sarah和Steve最终做出了艰难的决定，去罗马度蜜月。
