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新中国成立之前人们的衣食住行

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导读：新中国成立之前人们的衣食住行 国内外经济型酒店研究史

新中国成立之前的民国时期老百姓生活得怎么样呢，给你说个典故吧：

一年春节，四川幽默大师刘师亮，看到一些军阀门口贴着“民国万sui，天下太平”的对联，非常气愤，便在家门口贴出一副对联：“民国万税，天下太贫。”此联一成，立即在全国流传，为人称道。
民国时期，征收的税种匪夷所思。不仅对妓女收税，对粪水也要征收粪水捐税。当时一副讽刺粪水税之联，遂应运而生：自古未闻屎有税，而今只剩屁无捐。上联点明“粪水抽税”是旷古奇闻，下联顺势承接，用排除法说一切都有捐，只剩不抽“放屁捐”。此外，税捐繁重苛细，无货不税，无物不捐，不仅活人抽捐，甚至棺材也须纳税。如一头猪，自出生以至屠宰，有小猪税、猪行牙税、牲畜税、猪驳税、屠宰税、没血毛税及附税等不下十数种。据国民政府官方统计，从1933年7月至1934年12月，苛杂“数目达3000余种。
在这么多的税情况下，概括说老百姓生活：民不聊生，饿殍遍野，卖儿鬻女，惨不忍睹。

国内外经济型酒店研究史

我对你的研究课题有兴趣。帮你搜索了一下，下面是近年以来关于你题目的一些研究史：

1.The Efficacy and Management Policy of Economical Hotel Outsourcing in ChinaSUN Jing,HUANG Qing(Economics and Management College,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)
Economical hotel management features on specialization and socialization.It takes room service as its core business,and other dining,washing as backup service.In order to enhance operation efficiency of economical should hotels,non-core businesses outsourcing need be adopted.By analyzing the objective and potential risks of economic hotel outsourcing,this paper proposes management policy that economical hotel make clear the conditions of implementing outsourcing,scientifically reasonably select professional outsourcing company,sign consummation outsourcing contract,define the responsibilities,powers and interests of both sides involved.
【Key Words】： outsourcing economical hotel efficacy

2. On The Operation Model of China Economy-type HotelsZOU Yi-ming, CHEN Ye-wei
As the domestic tourism industry develops rapodly, Chinese economy- type hotels start to boom expand. But the broad inclusion results in the omy - type hotels have to find the appropriate operation model to get development and survive in the market- type.
【Key Words】： economy- type hotels operation mode fFranchise chain

3. 《Commercial Research》 2005-09Add to Favorite Get Latest Update The Strategies of Developing China's Economic-style HotelsSUN Jing(School of Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)
With the development of domestic tourism caused by holiday economy of our country,the need for economic-style hotel have boosted,which gives new business chances for such hotels.The paper analyses the problems in developing economic-style hotels,expounds the market operating environment of it,and puts forward the strategies of developing economic-style hotels.
【Key Words】： economic-style hotel development standard operating environment

4.Study on the Marketing Strategy of Economical Chain Hotels in ChinaHan Yudong (School of Management, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074)
Economical chain hotels in China have been developing for about 10 years. This paper analyzed the hotels' marketing strategies from product, price, place and promotion. It studied how to provide satisfactory service under low cost strategy, and pointed out actual questions. Finally it put forward suggestions for innovations of marketing strategies.

5.Of the Development of China's Economy-type HotelsLIU Chun-feng (Management College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)
With booming Chinese civil tourism, the economy-type hotels have become increasingly highlighted. Through the research into the experience of chain expansion international of such economy-type hotels as Cendant, Accor and Holidy Inn, the paper generalizes the advantages of these hotes in terms of institution, profit and development and points out the way of developing Chinese economy-type hotels.
【Key Words】： economy-type hotel chain expansion franchise path

6.On the Industrial Exemplary Significance of the Development of Economical-type Hotels in ChinaQIN Yu(School of Tourism Management,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100024,China)
The paper mainly discusses the industrial exemplary significance of the development of China's economical-type hotels.So far as native hospitality industry is concerned,the key implication lies in establishing product image with brands as the center,gaining large-scale production through transregional operation and raising high speed of increase by adopting multi-mode expansion.As for China's hospitality industry as a whole,the economical-type hotels can obtain excellent performance through the innovation of product differentiation.Based on this,we can look at the development of China's economical-type hotels with a more strategic view.
【Key Words】： economical-type hotel hospitality industry significance

7.A Study on the Evolution of Industrial Organization of China's Economical-type Hotels Based on SCP TheoryZHAO Xiao-yun(School of Management,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
China 's economical-type hotels are at the earlier stage of explosive increase after years of development.The paper,using main industrial organization theory-SCP Frame,makes a systematic study of the current situation of industrial organization of China 's economical-type hotels and its evolutionary trend.The author holds the view that influenced by the rapid increase of China 's tourism market,the market structure of economical-type hotels will present an evolutionary trend,i.e.,concentration-separation-concentration.The change of tourist mode will result in the differentiation of products.Market access barrier will be constantly raised.Market behaviors will develop towards stable price,gradual formation of price alliance,deepening of cooperative conduct,brand construction and service upgrading amid competition.The author also offers relevant suggestions regarding the transformation of low star-rated hotels.
【Key Words】： economical-type hotel market structure market conduct market performance

都是近年以来研究中国经济型酒店的。

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